Fear-potentiated startle using three conditioned stimulus modalities
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Versatility of Fear-Potentiated Startle Paradigms for Assessing Human Conditioned Fear Extinction and Return of Fear
Fear conditioning methodologies have often been employed as testable models for assessing learned fear responses in individuals with anxiety disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and specific phobia. One frequently used paradigm is measurement of the acoustic startle reflex under conditions that mimic anxiogenic and fear-related conditions. For example, fear-potentiated startl...
متن کاملConditioned fear extinction and reinstatement in a human fear-potentiated startle paradigm.
The purpose of this study was to analyze fear extinction and reinstatement in humans using fear-potentiated startle. Participants were fear conditioned using a simple discrimination procedure with colored lights as the conditioned stimuli (CSs) and an airblast to the throat as the unconditioned stimulus (US). Participants were extinguished 24 h after fear conditioning. Upon presentation of unsi...
متن کاملSecond-order olfactory-mediated fear-potentiated startle.
Recently, we reported that discrete (4-sec) olfactory cues paired with footshock serve as effective conditioned stimuli (CSs) for potentiating the acoustic startle response in rats using the fear-potentiated startle paradigm. Because odors are such salient cues for the rat, and because of the robust olfactory conditioning observed previously, the current studies investigated second-order fear c...
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Though generalization of conditioned fear has been implicated as a central feature of pathological anxiety, surprisingly little is known about the psychobiology of this learning phenomenon in humans. Whereas animal work has frequently applied methods to examine generalization gradients to study the gradual weakening of the conditioned-fear response as the test stimulus increasingly differs from...
متن کاملRole of corticosterone in trace and delay conditioned fear-potentiated startle in rats.
Emotional events often lead to particularly strong memory formation. Corticosterone, the final product of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis activation, has been suggested to play a critical role in this effect. Although a great deal of work has implicated the amygdala as a necessary structure for the effects of corticosterone, other studies have suggested a critical role for the hippoca...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Animal Learning & Behavior
سال: 1994
ISSN: 0090-4996,1532-5830
DOI: 10.3758/bf03209157